The province is home to a number of notable cities, including Gwangju, the sixth-largest city in South Korea and a hub of culture and arts. Jeonju, known for its traditional hanok village and delicious traditional Korean cuisine, is another prominent city in Jeollanam-do.

Jeollanam-do is famous for its natural beauty, with attractions such as Jirisan National Park, one of the oldest and most well-known national parks in South Korea, and Suncheon Bay, a coastal wetland area known for its stunning tidal flats and ecological importance.

In addition to its natural attractions, Jeollanam-do is also known for its cultural sites, including historic temples, fortresses, and traditional villages. The province has a rich historical and cultural heritage, with many sites that showcase the traditional Korean way of life.